Loading back at the last checkpoint will have the boss defeated, while the treasure and loot, which includes Eridium, will also have respawned. Players should hold off on progressing the Beneath the Meridian mission, and instead, save and quit, then restart the game. The current most efficient method to farm Eridium lies shortly after defeating the boss of the game’s first vault and unlocking the Eridium artifact.
Since reloading into a zone respawns the mobs there, this is a quick way to farm Eridium quickly. Instead, it is faster to target specific enemies that have a high change of dropping Eridium as loot. The way that the developers likely expect players to acquire Eridium is through harvesting it out in the wild and completing challenges from the map tab.